Ignaz Semmelweis

1818–1865 · Vienna · Pioneer of infection control.

Contribution

In the 1840s, showed that handwashing with chlorinated lime in obstetrical clinics drastically cut puerperal (“childbed”) fever — arguing that “cadaverous particles” transmitted on physicians’ hands caused disease.

Why It Still Matters

Hand hygiene is still the cheapest, highest-yield infection-control intervention. Semmelweis anticipated germ theory before microbes were accepted as the cause.

Active Recall

  1. What intervention did Semmelweis introduce, and what outcome changed?
  2. Why was his work resisted despite clear outcome data?